Which of the following statements is correct | vedclass

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(A) $1$. The shielding effect is most effective when the orbitals in the inner shells are completely filled,as they provide a dense electron cloud to

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$1$

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(A) $1$. The shielding effect is most effective when the orbitals in the inner shells are completely filled,as they provide a dense electron cloud to screen the valence electrons from the nucleus. Thus,statement $(1)$ is correct.$2$. Inner shells exhibit a significant shielding effect. Thus,statement $(2)$ is incorrect.$3$. As we move down a group,the shielding effect increases due to the addition of new shells,which leads to a decrease in ionization energy. Thus,statement $(3)$ is incorrect.$4$. The shielding effect depends on the number of inner electrons,not directly on the nuclear charge. An increase in nuclear charge actually increases the effective nuclear charge $(Z_{eff})$,which is the opposite of the shielding effect. Thus,statement $(4)$ is incorrect.

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